Feat(): distributed caching (#13435)

RESOLVES CORE-1153

**What**
- This pr mainly lay the foundation the caching layer. It comes with a modules (built in memory cache) and a redis provider.
- Apply caching to few touch point to test

Co-authored-by: Carlos R. L. Rodrigues <37986729+carlos-r-l-rodrigues@users.noreply.github.com>

packages/modules/caching/src/services/cache-provider.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+import {
+  Constructor,
+  ICachingProviderService,
+  Logger,
+} from "@medusajs/framework/types"
+import { MedusaError } from "@medusajs/framework/utils"
+import { CachingProviderRegistrationPrefix } from "../types"
+
+type InjectedDependencies = {
+  [key: `cp_${string}`]: ICachingProviderService
+  logger?: Logger
+}
+
+export default class CacheProviderService {
+  #container: InjectedDependencies
+  #logger: Logger
+
+  constructor(container: InjectedDependencies) {
+    this.#container = container
+    this.#logger = container["logger"]
+      ? container.logger
+      : (console as unknown as Logger)
+  }
+
+  static getRegistrationIdentifier(
+    providerClass: Constructor<ICachingProviderService>
+  ) {
+    if (!(providerClass as any).identifier) {
+      throw new MedusaError(
+        MedusaError.Types.INVALID_ARGUMENT,
+        `Trying to register a caching provider without an identifier.`
+      )
+    }
+    return `${(providerClass as any).identifier}`
+  }
+
+  public retrieveProvider(providerId: string): ICachingProviderService {
+    try {
+      return this.#container[
+        `${CachingProviderRegistrationPrefix}${providerId}`
+      ]
+    } catch (err) {
+      if (err.name === "AwilixResolutionError") {
+        const errMessage = `
+ Unable to retrieve the caching provider with id: ${providerId}
+Please make sure that the provider is registered in the container and it is configured correctly in your project configuration file.`
+
+        // Log full error for debugging
+        this.#logger.error(`AwilixResolutionError: ${err.message}`, err)
+
+        throw new Error(errMessage)
+      }
+
+      const errMessage = `Unable to retrieve the caching provider with id: ${providerId}, the following error occurred: ${err.message}`
+      this.#logger.error(errMessage)
+
+      throw new Error(errMessage)
+    }
+  }
+}